Objective To investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of different extracts from X. mongolicum compared with that of X. sibiricum. Methods Seventy male Kunming mices were randomly divided into seven groups:control group,aspirin group,the ethanol extracts of X. sibiricum group and X. mongolicum group,the extracts from X. mongolicum with ether,ethyl acetate,and n-butyl alcohol group(n=10 each). The mice were administrated with 500 mg·kg-1 ( p. o. ) of different extracts. The hot-plate tests and the xylene-induced ear edema in mice were performed to observe the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities,respectively. Results In the hot-plate tests,the pain threshold from the extracts of X. sibiricum and the different extracts from X. mongolicum at 60,120,180 min were prolonged,and there was no statistically significant differences(P>0. 05) between the ethanol extracts from X. sibiricum and X. mongolicum. The best analgesic activity was the ether and butyl alcohol extracts from X. mongolicum. Meanwile,the ear edema from the extracts of X. sibiricum and the different extracts of X. mongolicum were inhibited significantly(P<0. 05). There was also no significant differences between the ethanol extracts of X. sibiricum and X. mongolicum(P>0. 05). The ether and butyl alcohol extracts from of X. mongolicum showed the best anti-inflammatory effect. Conclusion X. mongolicum exhibites significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities comparable to that of X. sibiricum. The best anti-inflammation and analgesic activities were from ether and butyl alcohol extracts from X. mongolicum.