With the advances in surgical technique,increasingly complicated and knotty surgeries were performed on neonatal and pediatric patients,and the success of many of these surgeries are ensured by an adequate and safe blood supply.Autologous and/or allogeneic blood may be used,depending upon the anticipated blood loss,types of components required,and urgency of surgery.However,in all cases,every attempt should be made to minimize the number of donor exposures to reduce the risk of transfusion,for dangers of transfusion having been payed more attention.The strategy and practice of blood support for pediatric surgery show very important.