Journal of Central South University(Medical Sciences) 2013;38(9):966-970

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7347.2013.09.017

Diagnosis and treatment of ketamine-associated cystitis：A report of 3 cases and literature review

Liang HUANG ; Dongjie LI ; Zhengyan TANG ; Guilin WANG ; Jian DING ; Kuan LUO ; Ke HUANG ; Jie ZHOU ; Yonglin LI

Keywords

ketamine; lower urinary tract symptoms; cystitis; bladder contraction; urinary system damage

Country

China

Language

Chinese

Abstract

Objective:To determine the diagnosis, treatment, and pathogenesis of ketamine-associated cystitis.
Methods:Clinical data from 3 patients with ketamine-associated cystitis were analyzed retrospectively and discussed in light of relevant literature.
Results:In the 3 cases, 2 presented severe lower urinary tract symptoms, including frequency, urgency, dysuria, urge incontinence, and painful haematuria. Urinalysis and urine culture were negative. Imaging examination demonstrated thickening of the bladder wall and a small capacity. Inflammatory changes in the bladder mucosa were observed by cystoscopy and biopsies. After cessation of ketamine use, with the addition of steroids or hydrodistension, the symptoms in the 3 patients improved. The symptoms recurred in 2 patients, as 1 was exposed to ketamine again and 1 had severe bladder contraction after for 3-4 month follow-up.
Conclusion:Ketamine-associated cystitis is a new urinary system inlfammatory damage. Its etiology and treatment methods are not clear. early abstinence from ketamine use and early treatment are crucial for patients with ketamine-associated cystitis to avoid irreversible damage.