Objective To compare the clinical analysis of alone or combined with antibiotics on community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in pediatric patients,and provide reference for clinical rational use of antibiotics.Methods The clinical data of 274 cases of CAP children treated by single antibiotic therapy and 271 cases of CAP children treated by bivalent antibiotic therapy were retrospectively analyzed,and the drug efficacy and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results There were no statistical differences on the sex,age distribution and severity between the two groups (all P ＞ 0.05) ; The sputum submission rate in two groups were over 90％,and there were no significant differences on the positive rate and detection rate of multi-resistant bacteria (P ＞ 0.05) ; Treatment efficiency in the two groups of children were 97.45％ (267/274) and 98.15％ (266/271),the difference was not statistically significant (x2 =0.32,P ＞0.05) ; Average hospital inpatient days were (8.76 ± 1.75) d and (8.66 ± 1.62) d in the two groups,the difference was not statistically significant (x2 =0.71,P ＞ 0.05).Adverse reactions in the two groups of children mainly were drug fever,rash,nausea,bloating,hemolytic anemia.Cases of drug fever (50) and hemolytic anemia(32) in single antimicrobial group were significantly less than those in the combined with antibiotic group (51,72,x2 =4.804 and x2 =5.381,all P ＜0.05).Conclusion The effects of alone or combined with antibiotics on community acquired pneumonia in pediatric patients are same,so alone antibiotics is recommended for treating mild CAP to get better efficacy.