The investigation and study of cancer stem cells(CSC)have received enormous attention since the theory has been proposed,but remain topics of considerable controversy.A correct understanding of the biological characteristics of cancer stem cells and relevant mechanisms,to find new ways and methods to cure cancer are currently the most important direction.In the following text,we discuss the origin,the identification,regulatory pathway,micro-environment,the role of miRNA in the CSC and the new potential therapeutic targets elucidated by considering cancer as a problem in stem cell biology.