Objective To observe the clinical effects of dialectical treatment of acute hemoptysis in lung cancer. Methods A total of 289 patients with acute hemoptysis in lung cancer were randomly recruited into the two groups: a experimental group with 149 patients and a control group with 140 patients. The experimental group was treated on TCM syndrome differentiation, while the control group was treated with conventional western medicine. Results In the experimental group, the total effective rate was 91.3%. While in the control group, the total effective rate was 63.6% (χ~2= 32.13, P<0.01). There was significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion Dialectical treatment of acute hemoptysis in lung cancer is effective.