Objective To analyze nosocomial infection related factors among respiratory department patients and discuss corresponding nursing measures. Methods Clinical data of 2142 patients with respiratory disease were analyzed retrospectively, the nosocomial infection associated risk factors were analyzed. Results 138 cases (6.4%)in 2142 patients suffered nosocomial infection, the related risk factors included age, the length of hospitalization time, whether having aggressive treatment or basic diseases of other system, whether used broad- spectrum antibiotics or chemotherapy drugs or hormone, etc. Conclusions Positive and effective treatment of primary disease, disinfection and isolation of ward, cutting off infection pathway, doing basic job, and keeping respiratory tract smooth were effective measures to reduce nosocomial infection.