Pancreatic cancer frequently infiltrates the portal vein system because of the close anatomical proximity between the head of the pancreas and the portal/superior mesenteric vein confluence,and the biological character of invasion. In these cases, pancreatectomy combined with portal vein/superior mesenteric vein resection is a potential treatment, but the outcome remains controversial. So far there is no significant evidence have shown that the pancreatectomy combined with portal vein/superior mesenteric vein resection improves the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. In order to establish clinical practice guidelines, as well as standardize operational indication and operational method, it is necessary to conduct large-scale, multicenter, randomized and controlled prospective clinical trials,and collect long-term follow up information.