Cancer Research and Treatment  2010;42(4):210-216

Clinical Characteristics of Malignant Pericardial Effusion Associated with Recurrence and Survival.

Sung Hwan KIM 1 ; Mi Hyang KWAK ; Sohee PARK ; Hak Jin KIM ; Hyun Sung LEE ; Moon Soo KIM ; Jong Mog LEE ; Jae Ill ZO ; Jung Sil RO ; Jin Soo LEE

Affiliations

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Keywords

Neoplasms; Pericardial effusion; Pericardiocentesis; Prognosis

Country

Republic of Korea

Language

English

Abstract

PURPOSE: We evaluated clinical outcomes after drainage for malignant pericardial effusion with imminent or overt tamponade. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between August 2001 and June 2007, 100 patients underwent pericardiocentesis for malignant pericardial effusion. Adequate follow-up information on the recurrence of pericardial effusion and survival status was available for 98 patients. RESULTS: Recurrence of effusion occurred in 30 patients (31%), all of whom were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma. Multivariate analysis indicated that adenocarcinoma of the lung (hazard ratio [HR], 6.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.9 to 22.3; p=0.003) and progressive disease despite chemotherapy (HR, 4.3; 95% CI, 1.6 to 12.0; p=0.005) were independent predictors of recurrence. Survival rates three months after pericardiocentesis differed significantly with the type of primary cancer; the rates were 73%, 18%, 90% and 30% in patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung, squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, breast cancer and other cancers, respectively. CONCLUSION: Recurrence and survival of patients with malignant pericardial effusion are dependent on the type of primary cancer and response to chemotherapy. Patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung may be good candidates for surgical drainage to avoid repeated pericardiocentesis, but pericardiocentesis is considered effective as palliative management in patients with other cancers.