Transbronchial needle aspiration in the diagnosis of submucosal bronchogenic carcinoma. Although exophytic endobronchial lesions can readily be diagnosed by forceps biopsy through the rigid bronchoscope. The lesion of submucosal or peribronchial by forceps biopsy difficult to diagnose by biopsy. The utility of transbronchial fine needle aspiration through rigid bronchoscope was made in 98 patients presenting with endoscopic abnormalities suggestive of submucosal bronchigenic carcinoma of respiratory department of Bachmai hospital from 3/1991 to 7/1996. Forceps biopsy was positive in 48 patients (58.77%). Transbronchial needle aspiration was positive in 88 patients (88.79%) and detected 6 cases additional carcinomas (who were treated by anti-tuberculosis of the lung). We concluded that TBNA significantly increases the yield, more effective than forceps biopsy alone in the detection of the infiltration of submucosal bronchogenic carcinoma.