Korean Journal of Urological Oncology  2016;14(3):109-117

doi:10.22465/kjuo.2016.14.3.109

Recombinant Bacille Calmette–Guérin for Immunotherapy in Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Subin JIN 1 ; Young Mi WHANG ; In Ho CHANG

Affiliations

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Keywords

BCG vaccine; Urinary bladder neoplasms; Immunotherapy

Country

Republic of Korea

Language

Korean

Abstract

Intravesical instillation of Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) has been used for treating nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer as the forefront of immunotherapy, but BCG is ineffective in approximately 30–40% of cases and disease recurs in up to 50% of patients. Recently BCG is considered an effective vehicle for delivery of antigens due to its unique characteristics, and the genetic control of these mycobacteria is advanced in the search for less toxic and more potent therapeutic agents for bladder cancer immunotherapy. We will discuss current advances in recombinant BCG construction, research, and future directions.