Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine  2016;50(5):390-393

doi:10.4132/jptm.2016.04.18

Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula: Clinical and Histologic Spectrum of Four Cases.

Soomin AHN 1 ; Joungho HAN ; Hong Kwan KIM ; Tae Sung KIM

Affiliations

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Keywords

Lung; Arteriovenous fistula; Arteriovenous malformations

Country

Republic of Korea

Language

English

Abstract

Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVF) is abnormally dilated vessels that provide a right-to-left shunt between pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein and is clinically divided into simple and complex type. Here, we report four cases of surgically resected sporadic PAVFs presenting various clinical and histologic spectrums. Cases 1 (a 57-old-female) and 2 (a 54-old-female) presented as incidentally identified single aneurysmal fistulas and the lesions were surgically removed without complication. On the other hand, case 3 (an 11-old-male) showed diffuse dilated vascular sacs involving both lungs and caused severe hemodynamic and pulmonary dysfunction. Embolization and surgical resection of the main lesion failed to relieve the symptoms. Case 4 (a 36-old-male) had a localized multiloculated cyst clinically mimicking congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation. Microscopically, the lesion consisted of dilated thick vessels, consistent with the diagnosis of fistulous arteriovenous malformation/hemangioma.