Objective:To investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen(HBO) combined with medication in the treatment of postoperative delirium after spine surgery.Methods:A total of 124 patients with postoperative delirium after spine surgery hospitalized from December 2012 to September 2018 were divided into the experimental group and the control group according to the preferences of patients or their relatives. Each group consisted of 62 patients. The control group received conventional medication, while the experimental group received HBO combined with conventional medication. After 7 days treatment, the clinical effects were evaluated by Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale(BPRS) and Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGIS).Results:Before the treatments, there was no statistical significance of BPRS and CGIS between the experimental group and the control group ( P>0.05). After 7 days treatment, the BPRS (20.2±2.7) and CGIS (2.05±0.73) of experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group (29.7±4.7 and 3.99±1.70); the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion:HBO combined with medication in the treatment of postoperative delirium after spine surgery could better relieve clinical symptoms, therefore, improve patients′ life quality.