Objective To Explore the relationship between abnormal lipid metabolism and serum adiponectin level .Methods With the knowledge and consent of the patients and following the signing of the letter of agreement , 70 new onset of type 2 diabetic patients without macrovascular complications were divided into 2 groups, group A and group B, each consisting of 35 patients.Group A received the therapy of lowering plasma glucose and blood pressure , and group B received the therapy of lowering plasma glucose , blood pressure and lipid reduction as well .Changes in serum adiponectin concentration were monitored after 7 months of treatment .The open treatment phase lasted one year , then, changes in serum adiponectin concentration were measured again .Results Serum adiponectin concentrations in type 2 diabetic patients without macrovascular disease , who received the therapy of lowering plasma glucose , blood pressure and lipid, significantly increased [the level of adiponectin before treatment:(5.01 ±1.96)mg/L, the level of adiponectin after treatment:(5.65 ±2.33)mg/L].Conclusion Improvement in lipid metabolism could increase adiponectin level and prevent the de -velopment of macrovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus .