The global increase in the incidence of metabolic disorders is increasing the burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression and NAFLD-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development; urgent measures are required to reduce this burden. The metabolic aspects of NAFLD led to the proposal to rename this condition as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Diagnosis of MASLD, unlike that of NAFLD, requires the presence of at least one cardiometabolic risk factor (CMRF), creating a new focus on these factors, although the vast majority of patients with NAFLD meet the criteria for MASLD. In this article, we therefore review the current understanding of MASLD-related HCC, such as the epidemiology, risk factors with a particular focus on CMRFs, surveillance strategies, and risk stratification models.