Most patients may experience different degrees of anterior resection syndrome after low anterior resection for rectal cancer. Changes in physiology bring pain to patients and changes in psychology easily make patients develop depression so as to have serious influences on quality of life of patients. Measures taken in clinic to improve the quality of life of patients mostly focus on physical therapy, traditional medicine, biofeedback and so on. That needs patients′good compliance and continuous interventions from medical staff. At present, there are many instruments for the evaluation of quality of life of postoperative patients. However, there is a lack of a specificity evaluation method for the quality of life after anterior resection for rectal cancer. Instruments for the evaluation of quality of life of anterior resection syndrome mainly use symptoms-related adaptive scales at home and abroad. But quality of life of postoperative patients may be influenced by different degrees, so it is significant to seek effective evaluation and treatment methods for improving quality of life of patients.