Objective To look into the anxiety and dcpression of children' s primary caretakers and analyze the influencing factors,so as to provide scientific references for the implementation of nursing intervention.Methods Convenience sampling was used to enlist 90 primary caretakers of children in a A level hospital in Wuhan from December 2011 to Apria 2012 to the research.And SAS and SDS were used to investigate these caretakers.Results 95 questionnaires were handed out and 90 were recovered with the rate of 94.73％.The average SAS and SDS scores of primary caretakers were respectively (49.57 ± 8.67) and (54.49 ± 8.16),both were higher than those of national norm group (37.23 ± 12.58) and (41.88 ± 10.57),respectively,and the differences were statistically significant (t =13.504,14.650,respectively ; P =0.000).SAS and SDS scores of caretakers with different patients' ages,caretakers' genders,caretakers' educational degrees and family monthly income per person were significantly different (F =15.917,9.257,3.558,3.069,respectively; P ＜ 0.05).The anxiety and depression of caretakers were negatively related to patients' age,caretakers' educational degrees and family monthly income per person (P ＜ 0.05),and positively related to caretakers' genders (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The average SAS and SDS scores of caretakers are obviously higher than those of the norm group,and the anxiety and depression were influenced by patients' age,caretakers' gender,caretakers' educational degree and family monthly income per person,which should draw nursing attention.