OBJECTIVE Based on the brain-gut axis theory,to investigate the antipyretic effect and immune regulation function of Tongfu Xiere therapy in fever rats with meningitis.METHODS The rat fever model induced bacterial Meninggitis was established with inj ecting the Escherichia coli into cerebellomedullary cistern.The experimental animals were divided into six groups:the normal group,the model group,Dachengqi decoction group,Xingnaoj ing inj ection group,Dachengqi decoction+Xingnaojing injection group and paracetamol group.Antipyretic effect of each drug was observed by measuring body temper-ature after treatment.The levels of IFN-γ,IL-4 and SP in plasma were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RE-SULTS Compared to the model group,Dachengqi decoction group,Xingnaojing injection group and Dachengqi decoction+Xingnaojing injection group significantly reduced the temperature of the fever rats(P<0.05),the levels of IFN-γ(P<0.01), IL-4(P<0.05)and SP(P<0.05),and the ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Tongfu Xiere therapy shows anti-pyretic effect on fever rats with Meningitis,which is related to immune regulation biologically mediated by brain-gut axis com-ponents.