Journal of Pharmaceutical Practice and Service 2025;43(2):75-81

doi:10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202404066

Optimization of purification process and component analysis of alkaloids from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim

Heying YANG 1 ; Caiping LUO 2 ; Ting PENG 2 ; Wenyi LIANG 2 ; Songzhang SHEN 2 ; Juan SU 3

Affiliations

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Keywords

Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim; alkaloids; macroporous resin; orthogonal design; UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE

Country

China

Language

Chinese

Abstract

Objective To optimize the process conditions and analyze the components of alkaloids from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim（Z. bungeanum）using macroporous resin. Methods Combining single factor tests and orthogonal tests, the content of hydroxy-α-sanshool（HAS）and hydroxy-β-sanshool（HBS）were considered as indexes to determine the best process parameters. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE）was used to identify the structures of alkaloids. Results The optimal conditions were Mitsubishi HP-20 macroporous resin, the loading solution concentration was 0.2 g crude drug/ml, the ratio of crude drug to resin volume was 1 g∶2.5 ml, the diameter/height ratio of resin column was 1∶7, the dynamic adsorption flow rate was 4 times of bed volume（BV）per hour, and the adsorption time was 1 h. Impurities were removed by using 2 BV of 20% ethanol, 5 BV of 80% ethanol was used to elution, and the content of HAS and HBS was 4.71% and 1.02%, respectively. A total of 20 alkaloids were identified from Z. bungeanum. Conclusion This method was stable and feasible, obtaining high purity and various kinds of alkaloids, which could be used for the enrichment and purification of alkaloids from Z. bungeanum.