According to the relevant requirements of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and relevant reports, this article briefly introduces the basic principles, research ideas, and precautions for the revision of the “characteristics” standards of Chinese medicinal materials and decoction pieces. In recent years, enterprises and social media reported that the characteristics of Chinese medicinal materials in the market did not fully comply with the characteristics specified in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Therefore, this article explored the variation in the characteristics of Chinese medicinal materials and decoction pieces and its main reasons, scientific and reasonable revision of the “characteristics” of Chinese medicinal materials and decoction pieces, the new methods for identifying properties, as well as the issues that need to be noted in revising the characteristics of Chinese medicinal materials and decoction pieces, which provided reference for the revision of the “characteristics” standards of Chinese medicinal materials and decoction pieces.