Combined liver and kidney transplantation has been steadily applied in major transplantation centers,saving the lives of many patients with end-stage liver and renal failure.However,there are still multiple unresolved problems in the clinical diagnosis,treatment and long-term prognosis of combined liver and kidney transplantation.By referring to"Technical Operating Standards for Combined Liver and Kidney Transplantation(2019 Edition)"and the latest published literature and guidelines at home and abroad,"Guidelines for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Combined Liver and Kidney Transplantation"was formulated.Recommendations and suggestions were delivered regarding the surgical indications and contraindications,preoperative preparation and evaluation,the timing of transplantation for end-stage liver and kidney diseases,the selection of surgical approaches and postoperative follow-up,specific pathophysiology,surgical techniques,complication management and immunosuppressive treatment of combined live and kidney transplantation,aiming to enhance the utilization rate of grafts and improve the survival and prognosis of combined liver and kidney transplant recipients.