Recent advances on the role of various cells-derived exosomes in ocular surface
10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20200419-00271
- VernacularTitle:不同细胞来源外泌体对眼表的作用研究进展
- Author:
Yiling KANG
1
;
Shaozhen ZHAO
Author Information
1. 天津医科大学眼科医院 天津医科大学眼视光学院 天津医科大学眼科研究所 国家眼耳鼻喉疾病临床医学研究中心天津市分中心 天津市视网膜功能和疾病重点实验室，天津 300384
- Keywords:
Exosomes;
Extracellular vesicles;
Mesenchymal stem cell;
Regulatory T cell;
Immature dendritic cell;
Myeloid-derived suppressor cell
- From:
Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
2022;40(8):766-770
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Exosomes are membranous vesicles secreted by cells and can be widely involved in intercellular communication, anti-inflammation, immunoregulation, etc.Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC), regulatory T cell (Treg), immature dendritic cell (imDC) and myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) are the main ocular surface-related exosomes origins.Exosomes derived from different cells play their roles by delivering different biological molecules to recipient cells.Exosomes derived from MSC play a positive role in ocular surface inflammation and immune-related diseases by inhibiting T cell proliferation, transforming macrophage phenotype, regulating T helper (Th) cell differentiation and up-regulating Treg expression, reduce neovascularization and inflammation, and foster a microenvironment to promote corneal wound healing at the same time.Exosomes derived from Treg contain inducible NO synthase and microRNA (miRNA) including miR-503, miR-330 and miR-9, which can interfere with cell cycle progression, induce apoptosis, induce the differentiation of other T cells into Treg phenotype, inhibit T cell allograft rejection to induce immune tolerance.Exosomes derived from imDC inhibit corneal allograft rejection by delivering miR-682.MDSC-derived exosomes promote Treg expansion in vivo and in vitro, inhibit the proliferation and cytotoxicity of activated T cells, and express miR-29a-3p and miR-93-5p, which can inhibit the differentiation of Th1 and Th17 cells.Given the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of exosomes, this paper reviewed the studies on ocular surface inflammation and immune-related diseases such as corneal injury, mucopolysaccharide storage disease, dry eye, Sj?gren syndrome and ocular graft-versus-host disease.
