Cutaneous leishmaniasis in an indigenous infant with Down's syndrome: A case report

Fernanda VILLIBOR; Ana ROSELINO RIBEIRO; Fernanda VILLIBOR; Renata GUARÉ; Geracina MARCHESINI; Ana ROSELINO RIBEIRO

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Cutaneous leishmaniasis in an indigenous infant with Down's syndrome: A case report

Author: Fernanda VILLIBOR ¹ ; Ana ROSELINO RIBEIRO ¹ ; Fernanda VILLIBOR ² ; Renata GUARÉ ² ; Geracina MARCHESINI ³ ; Ana ROSELINO RIBEIRO ⁴
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1. Centro Universitario Tocantinense Presidente Antonio Carlos
2. Programa de Pos Graduacao em Odontologia, Universidade Cruzeiro Do sul
3. Hospital de Doencas Tropicais
4. Faculdade de Ciencias Do Tocantins
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: Cutaneous leishmaniasis; Down's syndrome; Immune deficiencies; Indigenous
From: Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019;12(12):574-576
CountryChina
Language:Chinese
Abstract: Rationale: Leishmaniasis, caused by the protozoan Leishmania and transmitted by sandflies, is endemic to the tropical and subtropical areas of Brazil. It is one of the neglected tropical diseases in the world. Patient concerns: A 20-month-old indigenous infant with severe malnutrition and Down's syndrome presented with a facial ulcer for 5 months. Diagnosis: Giemsa staining of scraped ulcer tissues indicated the presence of the amastigote form of Leishmania sp., and positive Montenegro's intradermal test helped in diagnosing the condition as cutaneous leishmaniasis. Interventions: The child was hospitalized and received intravenous treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis (1 mg/kg/day of amphotericin B). Outcomes: The condition was cured with amphotericin B (1 mg/kg/day for 14 d). Lessons: Because of infanticide practices in indigenous cultures, indigenous infants with Down's syndrome rarely survive. Thus, no similar case has been reported in the literature.