24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion Association with Cardiovascular Events: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.
- Author:
Dan ZHAO
1
;
Hua Min LI
1
;
Chao Xiu LI
1
;
Bo ZHOU
1
Author Information
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords: 24-h urinary sodium excretion; Cardiovascular events; Dose-response; Meta-analysis; Sodium intake
- MeSH: Humans; Urinalysis; Sodium Radioisotopes; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology*; Sodium, Dietary/adverse effects*
- From: Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022;35(10):921-930
- CountryChina
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:The relationship between sodium intake and cardiovascular (CV) events remains unconfirmed. Therefore, we carried out a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis for evaluating the potential impact of 24-hour sodium excretion on CV risk. Besides, 24-hour sodium excretion was used to replace daily sodium diet intake.
METHODS:We searched ISI Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library. Our study included cohort studies reporting hazard ratio ( HR). The random-effects model was used for summarizing the total relative risks ( RRs) between the included studies. In addition, the generalized least-squares regression was employed to fit the study model.
RESULTS:A total of 9 studies involving 645,006 participants were included in this study. A significant non-linear relationship was observed between sodium excretion and CV events ( P non-linearity < 0.001). In studies collecting 24-h urine samples, the sodium excretion and CV events risk were associated linearly ( RR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.07).
CONCLUSION:In a linear dose-response manner, every 1 g increase in sodium intake was associated with an increased risk of CV events up to 4%. Further studies are required to validate our conclusions further.
