Influencing factors for cognitive function trajectories among the elderly
10.19485/j.cnki.issn2096-5087.2026.04.007
- Author:
ZHANG Xixiaoxue
;
WANG Xuechun
;
LIU Liangying
;
WU Wenjun
;
MA Yu
;
HE Yao
;
LIU Miao
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
the elderly;
cognitive function;
group-based trajectory model;
Mini-Mental State Examination;
Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey
- From:
Journal of Preventive Medicine
2026;38(4):352-356
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To analyze the trajectories of cognitive function changes and their influencing factors among the elderly, so as to provide evidence for the prevention and intervention of cognitive impairment in this population.
Methods:Data were obtained from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), which was conducted in 2011, 2014, and 2018. Information on demographic characteristics and lifestyle behaviors of elderly individuals aged ≥65 years was collected. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Group-based trajectory modeling was conducted using MMSE scores from 2011, 2014, and 2018 to identify trajectories of cognitive function change. The optimal trajectory model was determined using the Bayesian information criterion, Akaike information criterion, and average posterior probability. Factors affecting cognitive function trajectories among the elderly were analyzed using a Multinomial logistic regression model.
Results:Data were collected from 2 614 individuals, with the mean age of (78.20±8.93) years. There were 1 251 males (47.86%) and 1 363 females (52.14%). The group-based trajectory model identified three distinct cognitive function trajectories, defined as the stable group, slow decline group, and rapid decline group, consisting of 2 187 (83.66%), 170 (6.50%), and 257 (9.83%) individuals, respectively. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the stable group, each 1-year increase in age was associated with a 315.7% higher risk of being classified into the slowly declining group (OR=4.157, 95%CI: 2.922-5.914) and a 214.6% higher risk of being classified into the rapidly declining group (OR=3.146, 95%CI: 2.428-4.076). Compared with elderly individuals with no formal education, those with primary/junior high school education had a 67.5% lower risk of being classified into the slowly declining group (OR=0.325, 95%CI: 0.207-0.511) and a 30.2% lower risk of being classified into the rapidly declining group (OR=0.698, 95%CI: 0.505-0.964). Compared with unmarried/divorced/widowed elderly individuals, those who were married had a 31.0% lower risk of being classified into the rapid decline group (OR=0.690, 95%CI: 0.509-0.935).
Conclusions:Based on the CLHLS data, cognitive function trajectories among individuals aged ≥65 years were classified into three patterns: stable, slow decline, and rapid decline. Increased age was associated with a higher risk of cognitive decline, while higher educational level and being married demonstrated protective effects against cognitive deterioration.
- Full text:2026110916073104474老年人认知功能变化轨迹的影响因素分析.pdf
