Association between parenting styles and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in preschool children
10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2026305
- VernacularTitle:父母教养方式与学龄前儿童注意缺陷多动障碍的关联
- Author:
YU Min, ZHU Min, HE Haiyan, LI Haiyan, XIE Jun, SUN Jing
1
Author Information
1. Wuhu Maternal and Child Health Care Family Planning Service Center ( Wuhu Maternal and Child Health Hospital ) , Wuhu 241000, Anhui Province, China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Education;
Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity;
Mental health;
Regression analysis;
Child,preschool
- From:
Chinese Journal of School Health
2026;47(10):1429-1434
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To investigate the association between parenting styles and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in preschool children，so as to provide a basis for family based interventions for ADHD in the population.
Methods:Between August and December 2023, a random cluster sampling method was used to recruit 6 454 preschool children from 60 kindergartens in two counties/districts in Wuhu City, Anhui Province. The Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Rating Scale, version IV was used to assess ADHD symptoms, and the Caregiver Parenting Style Questionnaire was applied to collect data on parenting styles. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the associations between parenting styles and ADHD subtypes.
Results:Among the preschool children, 235 were screened positive for ADHD, with a positivity rate of 3.64%. Parenting style scores were as follows:indulgent parenting for 8.00 (7.00, 10.00), authoritative parenting for 38.00 (33.00, 41.00), permissive parenting for 14.00 (11.00, 17.00), authoritarian parenting for 17.00 (14.00, 20.00), and inconsistent parenting 10.00 (7.00, 12.00). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjustment for confounding factors such as childrens sex, age, and family characteristics, preschool children with authoritarian parenting style were associated with higher odds of hyperactive ( OR = 1.13 ) and combined ADHD subtypes ( OR =1.11), while those with inconsistent parenting style were associated with higher odds of the inattentive subtype ( OR =1.09) (all P <0.01). Indulgent, democratic and permissive parenting styles showed no statistically significant associations with any ADHD subtype ( OR =1.02-1.07, 0.98-1.00, 1.01-1.03, all P >0.05).
Conclusions:Parenting styles are closely associated with the occurrence and subtypes of ADHD in preschool children. Authoritarian and inconsistent parenting styles are potential risk factors for ADHD in preschool children, and modifying adverse parenting styles may serve as an important strategy for family based interventions for ADHD in preschool children.
