Therapeutic Mechanisms of Active Components and Compound Formulas of Astragali Radix for Ischemic Stroke： A Review
10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20260763
- VernacularTitle:黄芪活性成分及其复方治疗缺血性脑卒中的作用机制研究进展
- Author:
Yatong SHEN
1
;
Xiaodong FENG
1
Author Information
1. The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine，Zhengzhou 450000，China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Astragali Radix;
active components;
compound formulas;
ischemic stroke;
mechanism of action
- From:
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
2026;32(22):318-330
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Ischemic stroke （IS） is characterized by a high incidence， a high disability rate， and a high mortality rate. Its pathological mechanism is complex， involving oxidative stress， neuroinflammation， glutamate excitotoxicity， blood-brain barrier （BBB） disruption， abnormal autophagy and apoptosis， energy metabolism disorder， ferroptosis， and cuproptosis. Long-term use of conventional clinical drugs is associated with certain adverse reactions. As a classic Chinese herbal medicine for replenishing Qi， Astragali Radix is widely used in the prevention and treatment of IS. Modern research has confirmed that it contains various active components， including total astragalosides， total polysaccharides， and total flavonoids， which exert cerebroprotective effects by regulating signaling pathways such as nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 （Nrf2/HO-1）， nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB）， phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/Akt）， adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin （AMPK/mTOR）. These effects include anti-oxidation， anti-inflammation， inhibition of excitotoxicity， protection of BBB， regulation of autophagy and apoptosis， suppression of ferroptosis， and improvement of energy metabolism. This article systematically reviews the core pathological links of IS， summarizes the cerebroprotective effects of the main active components， classic herb pairs， and representative compound formulas of Astragali Radix， and analyzes their synergistic intervention patterns against the above pathological mechanisms. Furthermore， this paper discusses the current research limitations in clinical translation， material basis， and emerging cell death modalities， along with future perspectives， aiming to provide a theoretical reference for the clinical application of Astragali Radix and its combinations in treating IS and for the development of new drugs.
