Application and Prospect of State-target Pattern Differentiation and Treatment Theory in Signaling Pathways of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20260865
- VernacularTitle:态靶辨治理论在慢性阻塞性肺疾病信号通路中的应用与展望
- Author:
Xiaofang HE
1
;
Xiaoli XIA
2
;
Yanping MA
2
;
Yafeng WANG
2
;
Wenxia RAN
1
;
Huijing XIA
1
Author Information
1. Gansu University of Chinese Medicine，Lanzhou 730000，China
2. Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine，Lanzhou 730000，China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
state-target pattern differentiation and treatment;
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;
signaling pathway;
integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine;
traditional Chinese medicine
- From:
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
2026;32(21):254-261
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
The prevention and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） pose a major global challenge， with difficulties in effectively integrating holistic regulation and precise micro-intervention. The traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） theory of state-target pattern differentiation and treatment advocates the combination of state regulation and target intervention， offering a new paradigm for integrated TCM and Western medicine. This article systematically reviews the theoretical connotations of this theory and constructs a dynamic correspondence framework linking TCM pattern states， signaling pathways， and targeted interventions across different stages of COPD. At the acute exacerbation stage， the phlegm-heat obstructing the lung state is characterized by hyperactivation of the nuclear factor （NF）-κB/NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3） inflammation pathway， and formulas for clearing heat and resolving phlegm suppress the cytokine storm through multi-component synergy. At the stable stage， the lung-spleen Qi deficiency state is characterized by functional decompensation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 （Nrf2）/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 （Keap1） antioxidative stress pathway， and therapies for tonifying the lung and spleen repair the essence of Qi deficiency through antioxidative defense and energy metabolism. At the severe/very severe stable stage， the lung-kidney deficiency state is pathologically based on dysregulation of the transforming growth factor （TGF）-β/Wnt repair network and depletion of stem/progenitor cells， and therapies for tonifying the kidney and reinforcing Qi absorption achieve simultaneous regulation of deficiency and stasis by inhibiting aberrant fibrosis and guiding ordered regeneration. These three pathways are not isolated but exhibit dynamic shifts in dominance and cross-talk， constituting the molecular network basis of deficiency causing excess and intermingled deficiency and excess. Furthermore， this article points out the current shortcomings in quantitative evidence， objective syndrome standardization， and coverage of syndrome states， and proposes future directions including building multi-omics databases， conducting biomarker-stratified randomized controlled trials， and developing disease-pattern combined animal models， aiming to provide a theoretical perspective that integrates holism and micro-targeting for precision prevention and treatment of COPD.
