Comparison of Morphological Characteristics， Phenological Stages， and Fruit Quality Between Traditional Chaenomeles speciosa Cultivars "Luohanqi" and "Pingguohong"
10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20251414
- VernacularTitle:宣木瓜传统品种“罗汉脐”和“苹果红”的形态特征、物候期及品质比较
- Author:
Letian ZHENG
1
;
Yan FANG
1
;
Qizhi JIANG
1
;
Liangping ZHA
1
;
Yong YAO
2
;
Daiyin PENG
1
;
Qingying FANG
1
Author Information
1. School of Pharmacy， Anhui University of Chinese Medicine， Hefei 230012， China
2. Xuancheng Jinquan Ecological Agriculture Co.，Ltd.， Xuancheng 242074， China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Chaenomeles speciosa;
cultivar;
morphological characteristics;
phenological stage;
calyx persistence
- From:
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
2026;32(21):210-217
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo compare the morphological characteristics， phenological stages， and chemical components of two traditional Chaenomeles speciosa cultivars—"Luohanqi" and "Pingguohong"， thus providing a basis for new cultivar breeding， standardized cultivation， and quality evaluation of authentic medicinal materials. MethodsThe morphological indices of leaves， floral organs， and fruits of the two cultivars were measured， and the phenological sequences were recorded. Microplate assays and high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） were employed to determine the levels of total flavonoids， total phenols， polysaccharides， amino acids， oleanolic acid， and ursolic acid. Finally， comprehensive comparative analysis was conducted. ResultsThe two cultivars exhibited generally similar tree vigor but showed significant differences in internode length， leaf morphology， floral organs， fruit development， and phenological stages. "Luohanqi" had significantly larger leaves ［length： （124.7±11.97） mm vs. （105.06±9.16） mm； width： （47.81±4.68） mm vs. （41.98±5.15） mm］， a wider ovary diameter ［（10.76±1.25） mm vs. （8.28±1.18） mm］， a higher fruit shape index （1.6 vs. 1.2）， and a much higher calyx persistence rate （78.28% vs. 8.02%） than "Pingguohong". Its phenological stages were 7-18 days later than those of "Pingguohong". No significant differences were found in the levels of total flavonoids， total phenols， total polysaccharides， total amino acids， or oleanolic acid， while "Pingguohong" had significantly higher ursolic acid content than "Luohanqi". ConclusionThe two main cultivars of C. speciosa in Xuancheng city， Anhui province exhibit marked differences in leaf morphology， floral organ structure， fruit traits， calyx persistence， phenological stages， and chemical composition. These findings provide a scientific basis for subsequent breeding of new cultivars， targeted cultivation， and studies on quality formation of authentic medicinal materials.
