Comprehensive Surgical Management of Combined Congenital Auricular and External Auditory Canal Malformations
- VernacularTitle:Чихний дэлбээ, гадна сонсголын сувгийн төрөлхийн хавсарсан гажгийн мэс заслын цогц эмчилгээ
- Author:
Jargalkhuu E
1
;
Ayanga G
2
;
Tserendulam D
2
;
Erdenetsogt J
2
;
Delgermaa B
3
;
Radnaatseren L
Author Information
1. Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery
2. National Center for Maternal and Child Health, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
3. National Center for Maternal and Child Health, Department of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Congenital deformity;
hearing loss;
canalplasty;
microtia;
external ear defect
- From:
Mongolian Journal of Health Sciences
2026;93(3):17-26
- CountryMongolia
- Language:Mongolian
-
Abstract:
Background:According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 2,000 types of congenital anomalies affecting the human body have been identified, among which craniofacial anomalies rank between second and fourth in prevalence. Hearing impairment occurs in approximately 1.62 per 1,000 live births, while congenital malformations of the external and middle ear occur in about 1.6 per 10,000 live births. The WHO epidemiological report (2022) indicates that severe combined congenital malformations of the external and middle ear, including microtia and aural atresia, occur in approximately 2.35–7 per 10,000 live births. The prevalence of microtia is relatively higher in certain regions of Asia and South America (1 per 1,500–3,000 live births), whereas lower rates have been reported in Europe and Africa.
Aim:To evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of surgical reconstruction of the auricle and the external auditory canal–tympanic cavity (meatotympanoplasty) in patients with combined congenital malformations of the external and middle ear.
Materials and Methods:Audiological evaluation revealed an air conduction hearing loss of 75–80 dB. Computed tomography grading showed scores of 5–6, corresponding to grade III congenital malformation of the external and middle ear, and classified as type III according to the Nagata–Weerda classification.In cases of unilateral combined congenital external and middle ear malformations (auricular deformity with associated aural atresia), auricular reconstruction and external auditory canal formation were performed in two surgical stages with a 6-month interval. At postoperative day 21, removal of the external auditory canal stent revealed no evidence of canal stenosis, and epithelialization of the skin graft had begun.
Result:Postoperative audiological assessments conducted at 30, 45, and 60 days demonstrated a statistically and clinically significant improvement in hearing thresholds, which correlated directly with the healing status of the newly reconstructed tympanic membrane.
Conclusion:The findings of this study suggest that in patients with combined congenital malformations of the external and middle ear, simultaneous reconstruction of the auricle and the external auditory canal–tympanic cavity in a single surgical stage may be feasible. This approach has the potential to reduce overall treatment duration, surgical burden, and psychological stress for patients. However, further studies involving larger patient cohorts and long-term follow-up are required to evaluate hearing stability and the incidence of postoperative complications, including restenosis and secondary tympanic membrane changes.
- Full text:202609270137511615502_17-26_Чихний дэлбээ гадна сонсголын сувгийн төрөлхийн хавсарсан гажгийн мэс заслын цогц эмчилгээ.pdf
