The risk factors for azoospermia among Mongolians
- VernacularTitle:Азооспермийн эрсдэлт хүчин зүйлсийг судалсан дүн
- Author:
Myagmarsuren P
1
;
2
;
Javkhlantugs D
1
;
Bayan-Undur D
1
;
Munkhzol M
2
;
Odkhuu E
2
Author Information
1. Department of Pathophysiology, School of Bio-Medicine, MNUMS
2. Urology-Andrology Center, The First Central Hospital of Mongolia
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Azoospermia;
Mump;
Neisseria gonorrhoeae;
Male infertility
- From:
Mongolian Journal of Health Sciences
2026;92(2):5-9
- CountryMongolia
- Language:Mongolian
-
Abstract:
Background:Azoospermia is the most severe form of male infertility, affecting approximately 1% of all men and 10–15% of infertile men. Previous studies have identified several risk factors, including smoking, alcohol consumption, hormonal disorders, testicular injury, and inflammatory diseases of the male reproductive system.
Aim:To investigate selected risk factors associated with azoospermia-related infertility in Mongolian men.
Materials and Methods:A case–control study was conducted to identify and estimate risk factors for azoospermia among Mongolian men. The case group included men diagnosed with azoospermia between 2019 and 2021 at the First Central Hospital of Mongolia and the “RMC” National Center for Assisted Reproduction. The control group consisted of men with normal semen parameters according to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, with a case-to-control ratio of 1:2. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, and semen analysis was performed and evaluated in accordance with WHO standards.
Result:A total of 180 participants were included, comprising 57 cases with azoospermia and 123 controls with normal semen analysis. The mean age was 35.56 ± 6.95 years (35.80 ± 7.79 in controls and 35.04±4.66 in cases). Socioeconomic and lifestyle factors were not significantly associated with azoospermia risk. However, a history of inflammatory diseases of the male reproductive system increased the risk by 6.4-fold (χ²=22.87, p<0.01). A history of mumps infection was associated with a 2.3-fold increased risk (χ²=6.43, p<0.01). Sexually transmitted infections, particularly gonorrhea, increased the risk by 1.8-fold (p<0.05).
Conclusion:Among Mongolian men, inflammatory conditions of the male reproductive system, sexually transmitted infections, and a history of mumps are significant risk factors for azoospermia-related infertility, whereas socioeconomic factors appear to have no significant effect.
- Full text:2026092615262605621.pdf
