Research on the implementation status of the provincial "Three Exemptions" policy for voluntary blood donation in China and analysis on the structural characteristics of beneficiaries
10.13303/j.cjbt.issn.1004-549x.2026.08.013
- VernacularTitle:省级无偿献血“三免”政策实施现状研究及政策受益人群结构特征分析
- Author:
Xia GAI
1
;
Yu ZHENG
1
;
Yanfei ZHANG
1
;
Bing FAN
1
;
Junlei HUANG
1
;
Huaizheng GONG
1
;
Kun YIN
1
Author Information
1. Shandong Blood Center, Jinan 250014, China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
voluntary blood donation;
“Three Exemptions” policy;
provincial implementation;
population structure;
Shandong Province
- From:
Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion
2026;39(8):1083-1089
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective: To analyze the implementation status of the “Three-Exemptions” policy for voluntary blood donation in China by taking Shandong Province as a case study, explore the sociodemographic characteristics of policy beneficiaries and the distribution differences in blood donation frequencies, so as to provide practical references for improving the honor incentive system of voluntary blood donation and stabilizing the blood donation team. Methods: Excel was used to sort out and summarize the policy documents from 31 provincial-level administrative regions of China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan), and its implementation models, temporal characteristics and implementation basis were analyzed. Using 238 193 policy beneficiaries in Shandong Province as the research objects, Stata was adopted for descriptive statistical analysis of sociodemographic characteristics including gender, age, educational background and occupation. The Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were performed to compare the distribution differences of blood donation frequencies among populations with different characteristics. Results: The “Three Exemption” policy has been implemented in 29 provinces nationwide, forming five differentiated implementation models. Specifically, 45.16% of the regions adopted province-wide unified implementation, 32.26% adopted partial prefecture-level city implementation, 12.90% adopted partial clause implementation, 3.23% adopted encouraging implementation, and 6.45% had not implemented the policy. The period from 2023 to 2026 witnessed the concentrated promotion of the policy. In Shandong Province, the beneficiaries were mainly males (82.08%), middle-aged individuals aged 40-60 years (71.78%), groups with junior and senior high school education (56.57%), and staff employees (30.60%). The distribution of blood donation frequencies showed that nearly 60% (56.95%) of the beneficiaries had donated blood 20 to 29 times. Statistically significant differences in donation frequency distributions were observed across genders, age groups, educational backgrounds, and occupations (all P<0.05). Further analysis revealed that the proportion of males with 40 or more blood donations was higher than that of females (24.32% vs 15.60%), while females had a higher proportion of 20-29 blood donations than males (65.98% vs 54.99%). With the increase of age, the proportion of those with 20-29 blood donations gradually decreased, whereas the proportion of those with≥40 blood donations gradually increased. Conclusion: The coverage of the “Three Exemptions” policy for voluntary blood donation in China continues to expand. However, there is still room for optimization in terms of policy implementation standards, population structure adaptation and incentive gradient design. Future efforts should strengthen national top-level design to balance regional development gaps. Moreover, hierarchical and targeted incentive and publicity strategies combined with population structural characteristics should be implemented to enhance public enthusiasm for voluntary blood donation.
