Differences in deltamethrin resistance and kdr gene mutation in Culex tritaeniorhynchus population in and outside the Yellow Sea wetland
10.3969/j.issn.1005-0507.2026.02.005
- VernacularTitle:黄海湿地及外围地域三带喙库蚊对溴氰菊酯抗性及相关kdr基因突变研究
- Author:
Xiao-er ZHANG
1
;
Zhi-ming WU
2
;
Ye TIAN
2
;
Qian CUI
3
;
Yu-qian JI
3
;
Huan WANG
3
;
Shu-juan YANG
3
;
Yi-chao ZHAO
3
;
Yu WANG
3
;
Hua-yu YIN
3
;
Yu DING
3
;
Guo-jin YAN
4
;
Min-sen ZHAO
4
;
Shou-gang ZHANG
5
;
Bing-dong SONG
5
;
Hong-na CHEN
2
;
Jian GAO
2
;
Wei-fang YANG
2
;
Yu-fu ZHANG
2
;
Hui LIU
2
;
Hong-liang CHU
6
Author Information
1. School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
2. Jiangsu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
3. Yancheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yancheng 224000, Jiangsu, China
4. Dongtai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongtai 224200, Jiangsu, China
5. Nanjing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210003, Jiangsu, China
6. School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Enterogenic Pathogenic Microbiology of the National Health Commission, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology in Emerging Major Infectious Diseases, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Wetland;
Culex tritaeniorhynchus;
Resistance
- From:
Acta Parasitologica et Medica Entomologica Sinica
2026;33(2):101-107
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective To gain insights into the biological characteristics of different populations of Culex tritaeniorhynchus within and around the Yellow Sea wetland from the perspective of the occurrence of resistance, we investigated the levels of resistance to deltamethrin and kdr gene mutation in the wetland and its peripheral areas. Methods Specimens were collected from Cx. tritaeniorhynchus populations at two monitoring sites in the Rare Bird National Nature Reserve and Tiaozi Ni Wetland Scenic Area, and also from two populations in Yancheng City and the Liuhe District of Nanjing, and the resistance of these mosquitoes to deltamethrin was determined using the CDC biotest bottle method. For each concentration of deltamethrin assessed, a random subset of exposed specimens was selected for amplification of the kdr gene fragment, followed by Sanger sequencing to identify and analyze resistance-associated mutations. Results The LC50 levels of deltamethrin among mosquitoes from the four populations in Luhe, Yancheng, the Rare Bird National Nature Reserve and the Tiaozi Ni Wetland Scenic Area were 2.048 5, 7.798 2, 3.473 3, and 17.695 5 mg/mL, respectively, with corresponding concentrations of deltamethrin ranging from 0.005 to 5.000,0.050 to 50.000,0.050 to 25.000 and 0.050 to 50.000 mg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the ranges of the KT50 values were 11.76-107.43, 67.05-216.30,29.77-107.43 and 28.40-329.51 min; the 1-h knockdown rates were 34.58%-99.15%, 9.52%-43.80%, 55.09%-73.01%, and 10.09%-68.07%; and the 24-h mortality rates were 12.15%-67.52%,9.52%-79.56%,13.17%-82.21%, and 11.01%-78.99%, respectively. With respect to kdr gene mutation, we assayed a total of 63,70,59, and 57 mosquitoes for the four populations, for which we detected L1014F mutation frequencies of 14.29%, 35.00%, 20.34%, and 31.58%, respectively, with a majority of these mutations being heterozygous for resistance. In addition, five adult mosquitoes were identified has having synonymous mutations at site 1011[i. e. , AAT(asparagine)mutation to AAC(asparagine)]. Conclusions Our findings revealed the clear resistance of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus to deltamethrin in the Yancheng region of the Yellow Sea wetland, and the resistance phenotype and kdr frequency of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus in the wetland environment were comparable to those of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus in the wetland environment, thereby indicating that the resistance of different populations of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus was homogeneous under the pressure of different insecticide selection within and around the wetland. However, the underlying mechanisms need to be further studied.
