Transfusion transmissible infections in Brunei Darussalam: A blood donor study
- Author:
Kenneth Shyh Kheng TEO
1
;
Muhd Shahruney SAPARUDIN
1
;
Zainun ZAINI
1
;
Mazmah AHMAD MORSHIDI
1
;
Norhaliza METASSAN
1
;
Ruwaidah JABERUDIN
1
;
Boon Chai TEO
1
;
Sahirah YAKUP
1
;
Nur Wendy Ashikin ABDULLAH LIM
1
Author Information
1. Blood Transfusion Service, RIPAS Hospital, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Blood transfusion;
hepatitis B;
hepatitis C;
human immune deficiency virus;
risk factors;
transfusion associated infections
- From:
Brunei International Medical Journal
2011;7(6):321-327
- CountryBrunei Darussalam
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Introduction:: Despite the improvement with blood screening, transfusion transmissible infections (TTI) remain a concern. In Brunei Darussalam, blood is collected based on voluntary non-remunerated blood donations. This study was carried out to determine the sero-prevalence of TTI in Brunei Darussalam based on blood donations collected over a five years period (2005 to 2009).
Materials and Methods:: Blood donors were all screened for Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), Syphilis (VDRL)
and Human Immune Deficiency virus (HIV). Blood samples were collected and centrifuged before they
were screened using Abbott ARCHITECT i2000SR analyser. Reactive samples were retested and confirmed with supplementary testing. Comparisons were made with published studies from 1988 and 1989.
Result:: Out of 56,645 donation units, 874 donations units were positive (1.49%) for any of the screening tests: 520 (0.92%) for HBV, 175 (0.31%) for HCV, 173 (0.31%) for syphilis and 6 (0.01%) for HIV. A decreasing trend was noted for HBV from 1.15% to 0.53% (p<0.05) over the five years. For HCV, there was only a slight decreasing trend while there were increasing trends for syphilis and HIV. Compared to earlier studies, the current sero-prevalence of HBV was significantly lower (overall and per year, p values<0.001). Similarly, the sero-prevalence of VDRL was also significantly lower p<0.001).
Conclusion:: The sero-prevalence of HBV was the highest among all TTI. The rates are significantly lower than earlier studies. Of concern are the increasing trends of syphilis and HIV. Effective donor education including counseling of reactive donors, establishment of donor management system and introduction of nucleic acid testing may need to be introduced to reduce the incidence of TTI.
- Full text:2026070711013353054321-7.pdf
