Prevalence and Associated Factors of Gingival Bleeding and Dental Calculus Among 12-Year-Old Children in Korea: Finding from the 2021-2022 Korean National Children’s Oral Health Survey
10.15715/kjhcom.2025.20.1.27
- Author:
Namhee KIM
1
Author Information
1. Associate Professor, Hanseo University
- Publication Type:Research Article
- From:
Health Communication
2025;20(1):27-38
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Purpose:: Periodontal conditions in childhood may affect oral health in adulthood. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of gingival bleeding and dental calculus among 12-year-old children in Korea, using data from the 2021-2022 Korean National Children’s Oral Health Survey.
Methods:: Data were collected from 18,671 12-year-old students. Gingival bleeding was assessed using a CPI probe, and dental calculus was evaluated through visual and tactile examination. Complex samples chi-square tests and complex samples multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the prevalence and associated factors of gingival bleeding and dental calculus.
Results:: The prevalence of gingival bleeding and dental calculus was 26.2% and 24.1%, respectively.Common factors associated with an increased risk of both conditions included gender (female: aOR = 0.88 for gingival bleeding and 0.83 for dental calculus), oral health perception (poor: aOR = 1.63 and 1.19, respectively), dental care utilization (no dental visit in the past year: aOR = 1.25 and 1.27, respectively), oral hygiene product use (not using a floss picks: aOR = 1.39 and 1.59, respectively), and frequent consumption of cariogenic snacks (≥2 times per day: aOR = 0.83 and 0.89, respectively).
Conclusion:: These findings highlight the need for early preventive strategies, including oral hygiene education, increased access to dental services, and promotion of healthy oral health behaviors starting in childhood.
