Modified epitope peptides targeting the porcine PD-1/PD-L1 interaction enhance cellular and humoral immune responses
10.4142/jvs.25011
- Author:
Feng YUE
;
Juanjuan ZHOU
;
Yanping ZHU
;
Xuehua LI
;
Peng LI
;
Yuping WU
;
Yangzhao ZHU
;
Xuannian WANG
- Publication Type:Research Report
- From:Journal of Veterinary Science
2025;26(6):e91-
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Objective:To evaluate the immune function of epitope peptides interacting with porcine PD-1 or PD-L1.
Methods:We optimized and synthesized peptides (PD-L14QN-GF and PD-L14QN-AF) using the solid-phase method and assessed their effects on peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation and PD-1 and cytokine expression after porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection in vitro and on antibody responses to a porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccine in vivo.
Results:The optimized peptides PD-L14QN-GF and PD-L14QN-AF exhibited lower binding free energy and higher stability when interacting with the PD-1 target protein.Under both PRRSV-infected and non-infected conditions in vitro, both peptides enhanced the proliferation of PBMCs, inhibited PRRSV RNA replication, and downregulated PD-1 transcription levels. Additionally, PD-L14QN-GF and PD-L14QN-AF upregulated the mRNA transcription and protein secretion of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-10, and interferon-γ to varying degrees. In vivo experiments demonstrated that PD-L14QN-GF significantly increased the antibody titer and seroconversion rate of the PCV2 vaccine.
Conclusions:and Relevance: PD-L14QN-GF and PD-L14QN-AF induced stronger immune responses than PD-L14. PD-L14QN-GF has potential as an immune-enhancing adjuvant.
