Effusion cytology of EBV‑associated lymphoma: a concise review
10.1007/s44313-025-00088-0
- Author:
Chih‑Yi LIU
;
Yen‑Chuan HSIEH
;
Sheng‑Tsung CHANG
;
Hung‑Chang WU
;
Shang‑Wen CHEN
;
Shih‑Sung CHUANG
- Publication Type:REVIEW
- From:Blood Research
2025;60():37-
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphomas can, on rare occasions, involve body cavities, making effusion cytol‑ ogy an important diagnostic tool. This mini-review explores the spectrum of EBV-related lymphomas that may be detected in serous fluids, including EBV-positive nodal T/NK-cell lymphoma (EBV + nT/NKCL), extranodal NK/T-cell lym‑ phoma, primary effusion lymphoma, EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and classic Hodgkin lymphoma. We present an index case of EBV + nT/NKCL with lymphomatous pleural effusion and discuss the cytologic features, differ‑ ential diagnoses, and role of ancillary studies such as immunocytochemistry, EBER in situ hybridization, and molecular assays. Accurate diagnosis requires the integration of cytomorphologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular findings with clinical information to establish a definitive diagnosis and distinguish these aggressive lymphomas from reactive and non-hematologic mimics.
