Understanding Early Complications Occurring within 24 Hours after Endovenous Ablation in Patients with Chronic Venous Disease: A Narrative Review
10.37923/phle.2025.23.2.86
- Author:
Kilsoo YIE
1
;
Jin Hyun JOH
;
Sun Cheol PARK
;
Jang Yong KIM
;
Song-Yi KIM
;
Sang Su LEE
Author Information
1. Jeju Soo CardioVascular Clinic (JSCVC), Jeju, Korea
- Publication Type:Review Article
- From:
Annals of phlebology
2025;23(2):86-100
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Chronic venous disease (CVD) presents a major public-health burden and is frequently managed via minimally invasive endovenous ablation techniques. Although these modalities have replaced traditional open surgery due to favorable safety and recovery profiles, early complications remain under-reported and may compromise patient outcomes and practitioner trust. In this review we define “early complications” as those occurring intra-operatively or within 24 hours of the procedure and provide a structured overview of the incidence, mechanisms, risk-factors and management strategies across thermal (laser, radiofrequency) and non-thermal (mechanochemical, cyanoacrylate) ablation methods. Thermal ablation carries inherent risks such as skin burns, nerve injury, and hemorrhage/hematoma. Non-thermal technologies reduce thermal damage but introduce distinct complications including adhesive hypersensitivity, phlebitis and thrombotic events. We summarize reported incidence rates, highlight anatomical and procedural risk-factors, and propose a framework for prevention and management of these events. Key practical implications include the need for standardized reporting of early adverse events, informed consent addressing realistic risk profiles, protocolized peri-procedural pathways in venous centers, and close monitoring for postoperative complications is essential. Early complications may be uncommon but are clinically significant—recognition, stratification of risk, prompt diagnosis and intervention are essential to preserve the safety profile of endovenous ablation.
