Translation and validation of the Filipino version of the knowledge, attitudes and practices questionnaire on personal antibiotic use (KAPQ-PAU-FIL): Potential utility in public health programs in the Philippines.

Maxine Francesco Gwyneth C BACULO; Samantha Nicole L BABAO; Francesca Anne I BANDARLIPE; Fitz Cornelius I BANEZ; Evelyn SIAO-BRIGINO; Wennielyn F FAJILAN; Roberto D AMPIL; Marvin M ZAPICO; Maria Rosario R ARANDA; Rosalyn G MIRASOL; Ivan Neil B GOMEZ

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Translation and validation of the Filipino version of the knowledge, attitudes and practices questionnaire on personal antibiotic use (KAPQ-PAU-FIL): Potential utility in public health programs in the Philippines.

Author: Maxine Francesco Gwyneth C. BACULO ¹ ; Samantha Nicole L. BABAO ¹ ; Francesca Anne I. BANDARLIPE ¹ ; Fitz Cornelius I. BANEZ ¹ ; Evelyn SIAO-BRIGINO ² ; Wennielyn F. FAJILAN ³ ; Roberto D. AMPIL ⁴ ; Marvin M. ZAPICO ⁴ ; Maria Rosario R. ARANDA ⁵ ; Rosalyn G. MIRASOL ⁵ ; Ivan Neil B. GOMEZ ⁶
Author Information

1. Faculty of Medicine & Surgery, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Metro Manila, NCR, Philippines
2. Faculty of Medicine & Surgery, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Metro Manila, NCR, Philippines;Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Metro Manila, NCR, Philippines
3. UST Sentro sa Salin at Araling Salin, University of Santo Tomas, Philippines;Department of Filipino, College of Education, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Metro Manila, NCR, Philippines
4. Department of Filipino, College of Education, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Metro Manila, NCR, Philippines
5. Department of English, College of Education, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Metro Manila, NCR, Philippines
6. Center for Health Research and Movement Science, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Metro Manila, NCR, Philippines;Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Metro Manila, NCR, Philippines
Publication Type:Journal Article, Original
MeSH: Surveys And Questionnaires; Public Health; Knowledge; Anti-bacterial Agents; Philippines; Program
From: Journal of Medicine University of Santo Tomas 2026;10(1):1883-1894
CountryPhilippines
Abstract: INRODUCTION
The growing misuse of antibiotics and the escalating threat of antibiotic resistance in the Philippines pose significant public health concerns. While various Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) questionnaires on personal antibiotic use have been employed in local studies, none have been fully validated and a standardized, culturally appropriate tool remains lacking.
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to develop a Filipino-translated and culturally adapted KAP questionnaire on personal antibiotic use (KAPQ-PAU-FIL) and evaluate its validity and reliability.
METHODOLOGY
The research consisted of two phases. The first phase is the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the original questionnaire in collaboration with the UST Sentro sa Salin at Araling Salin. The second phase is the validity and reliability testing of the KAPQ-PAU-FIL using a sample of 176 Filipino adults. This included assessment of its face validity, content validity, construct validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability and equivalent forms reliability.
RESULTS
Most items were translated without difficulty, though four items were modified to better fit the linguistic and cultural context. The KAPQ-PAU-FIL demonstrates strong psychometric properties, with face validity (SFVI/Ave = 0.99), content validity (SCVI/Ave = 0.99), construct validity (CFI = 0.92, RMSEA = 0.06, SRMR = 0.04; FL = 0.60-0.85; ITC = 0.58-0.71), test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.83), internal consistency (α = 0.929) and equivalent forms reliability (p>0.05; κ = 0.62-0.74).
CONCLUSION
The KAPQ-PAU-FIL is the first ever, Filipino-translated, culturally adapted questionnaire designed to assess KAPQ-PAU-FIL, demonstrating strong validity and reliability to support public health programs against antibiotic misuse.