Application of microarray chemiluminescent protein chip assay in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus and comparison with immunoblotting
10.3760/cma.j.cn141217-20250124-00026
- VernacularTitle:微阵列发光蛋白芯片法在系统性红斑狼疮诊断中的应用及与免疫印迹法的比较
- Author:
Yuxuan CHEN
1
;
Wei SHEN
;
Shuai DING
;
Yang HANG
;
Hongxia WEI
;
Yue TAO
;
Yijia ZHU
;
Qisi ZHENG
;
Weihua PAN
;
Lingyun SUN
Author Information
1. 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院风湿免疫科，南京 210008
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Lupus erythematosus, systemic;
Microarray chemiluminescent protein chip assay;
Immunoblotting;
Autoantibodies;
Lymphocyte subsets
- From:
Chinese Journal of Rheumatology
2025;29(10):820-829
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To compare the consistency of microarray chemiluminescent protein chip and immunoblotting in the autoantibody spectrum of patients and the diagnostic efficacy of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE), and to explore the correlation between the detection results of protein microarray and clinical indicators and lymphocyte subsets.Methods:Serum autoantibodies in 649 samples collected between December 2023 and December 2024 in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital were analyzed using the microarray chemiluminescent protein chip method, with 401 samples simultaneously tested by immunoblotting. Kappa coefficient assessed inter-method consistency. Diagnostic performance was compared via ROC curves. Spearman correlation analysis evaluated relationships between autoantibody levels and SLEDAI-2000 scores, clinical parameters, and lymphocyte subsets.Results:The two methods demonstrated good consistency across 14 antinuclear antibodies, with optimal agreement for anti-SSA/Ro ( Kappa=0.845, P<0.001), anti-SSB ( Kappa=0.825, P<0.001), and anti-CENP B ( Kappa=0.851, P<0.001). The protein chip method significantly improved SLE diagnostic efficacy, particularly for anti-dsDNA (AUC difference=0.291, P<0.001) and anti-Sm antibodies (AUC difference=0.295, P<0.001). Combined detection of anti-SSA/Ro and anti-nRNP/Sm antibodies achieved superior diagnostic performance (AUC=0.927). Anti-dsDNA, anti-histone, and anti-nucleosome antibodies positively correlated with SLEDAI-2000 ( r=0.408, 0410, 0.384, all P<0.001), complement ( P<0.001), and 24-hour urinary protein ( r=0.374, 0.387, 0.301, all P<0.001). Immunological analysis showed that the proportion of NK cells was generally negatively correlated with antinuclear antibodies such as anti-dsDNA ( r=-0.352, P<0.001) and anti-Sm ( r=-0.328, P<0.001) antibodies. Meanwhile, the proportion of CD8 + T cells was positively correlated with anti-nRNP/Sm ( r=0.229, P=0.002) and anti-Sm antibodies ( r=0.211, P=0.005). The proportion of CD4 + T cells was negatively correlated with anti-SSA/Ro ( r=-0.239, P<0.001), while the proportion of B cells was positively correlated with anti-dSDNA antibody ( r=0.300, P<0.001). Conclusion:The protein chip method showed strong consistency with immunoblotting for detecting 14 autoantibodies but demonstrated superior SLE diagnostic efficacy. The combined use of multiple detection methods can enhance the reliability of clinical diagnosis.
