Differentiation of narcolepsy type 1 and type 2 based on electroencephalographic cross-frequency coupling features
10.3760/cma.j.cn113661-20250224-00084
- VernacularTitle:Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型发作性睡病的脑电跨频率耦合特征差异研究
- Author:
Shengpeng LIANG
1
;
Yudi XU
1
;
Shixu DU
1
;
Yihong CHENG
1
;
Yan XU
1
;
Bin ZHANG
1
Author Information
1. 南方医科大学南方医院精神心理科（睡眠医学中心），广州510515
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Narcolepsy;
Cross-frequency coupling;
Excessive daytime sleepiness
- From:
Chinese Journal of Psychiatry
2025;58(8):612-619
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To investigate the differences in cross-frequency coupling (CFC) characteristics of electroencephalography (EEG) between narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) and narcolepsy type 2 (NT2).Methods:A total of 23 NT1 and 31 NT2 patients were included from the Chinese Clinical Sleep Database (CCSD) between October 2022 and September 2023. All participants underwent overnight polysomnography and a multiple sleep latency test. CFC features were extracted from EEG signals during polysomnography, encompassing various combinations of sleep stages, electrode pairs, frequency bands, and coupling types. Feature selection was performed using elastic net regularization. The Spearman correlation between key CFC features and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) scores was analyzed. Finally, a support vector classification (SVC) model was constructed to distinguish NT1 from NT2, and leave-one-out cross-validation was used to assess the generalization performance.Results:Among all coupling features during non-rapid eye movement sleep stage 1 (N1), the fronto-occipital θ-α1 and central δ-α1 couplings showed the highest absolute coefficients, reaching 1.13 and 1.10, respectively. In the NT1 group, the α1-β2 imaginary part of phase-locking value (iPLV) of the F3-C3 pair during N1 was significantly positively correlated with ESS scores ( r=0.52, P=0.012). In the machine learning classification task, the SVC model achieved an accuracy of 85% using leave-one-out cross-validation. Conclusion:The CFC features during the sleep-wake transition stage play an important role in distinguishing NT1 from NT2 and show a significant correlation with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in NT1. CFC may serve as a potential biomarker for differentiating narcolepsy subtypes and provide new insights into the mechanisms and clinical evaluation of EDS.
