Changes in macular vascular density and structure variations in children with transfusion dependent β-thalassemia
10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20250108-00010
- VernacularTitle:输血依赖性β-地中海贫血患儿黄斑血流密度与结构特征改变
- Author:
Quanwen ZHAO
1
;
Danna CHEN
1
;
Wenwen LI
1
;
Wancheng ZHANG
1
;
Kailun LU
1
;
Yanhua PANG
1
Author Information
1. 广东医科大学附属医院眼科, 湛江 524023
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Transfusion dependent β-thalassemia;
Macular vascular density;
Macular central macular thicknes;
Choroidal vascular index;
Choroidal thickness
- From:
Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases
2025;41(7):527-533
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To observe macular vascular density and structural characteristics in children with transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia (TDT).Methods:A retrospective clinical study. From October 2022 to December 2023, 29 TDT children (58 eyes) diagnosed and examined at the Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University were included in the TDT group, along with 29 age- and gender-matched healthy children (58 eyes) as the control group. All participants underwent optical coherence tomography and angiography. Measurements included central macular thickness (CMT), subretinal choroidal thickness (SFCT), choroidal thickness (ChT), choroidal vascularity index, blood flow density in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), choriocapillaris layer (CC), and choroidal layer of the macular region, as well as the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area of the SCP and DCP. A generalized estimating equation was used to compare differences in the above parameters between the two groups. Pearson correlation analysis was employed to examine the relationships between fundus structural parameters, blood flow density, and blood indices.Results:Compared with the control group, the TDT group showed significantly thinner CMT ( χ2=6.044) and ChT at 3.0 mm nasal ( χ2=4.451) and temporal ( χ2=4.767) to the fovea ( P<0.05). The TDT group also demonstrated reduced blood flow density in the inferior DCP ( χ2=5.254), whole CC ( χ2=3.996), and superior CC ( χ2=5.094), as well as enlarged FAZ area in DCP ( χ2=4.286) ( P<0.05). Correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between SFCT and disease duration ( r=?0.357, P=0.006). Conclusions:In children with TDT, CMT and ChT become thinner and the area of FAZ expands. The blood flow densities of DCP and CC in the macular area decreased.
