From historical insights to future frontiers: exploration and innovation in the etiology and prevention of urolithiasis
10.3760/cma.j.cn112330-20250616-00249
- VernacularTitle:从历史镜鉴到未来征程：泌尿系结石病因防治的探索与拓新
- Author:
Kunjie WANG
1
;
Guohua ZENG
;
Jianxing LI
;
Kewei XU
;
Xiaofeng GAO
;
Changbao XU
;
Bin CHEN
;
Xiao YU
;
Kefeng XIAO
;
Jun LI
;
Hao HU
;
Hong LI
;
Zhangqun YE
Author Information
1. 四川大学华西临床医学院/华西医院泌尿外科，成都 610041
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Urolithiasis;
Etiology;
Prevention
- From:
Chinese Journal of Urology
2025;46(10):721-724
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Urolithiasis represents a prevalent clinical challenge marked by high recurrence rates and morbidity，with existing preventive strategies struggling to effectively curb its epidemic trajectory，thereby posing a significant threat to public health. The etiology of this condition is intricate，involving a complex network of interactions spanning classical supersaturation-crystallization theory，Randall’s plaque theory，and multifactorial elements such as cellular injury，inflammatory responses，metabolic derangements，the gut-kidney axis，immune dysregulation，and genetic predisposition. However，the critical mechanisms initiating stone formation and the early pathophysiological processes remain incompletely elucidated，constituting the core impasse in current preventive strategies. This review systematically synthesizes classical theories and cutting-edge advancements in urolithiasis etiology research，emphasizing the urgent need to integrate emerging technologies，including high-dimensional omics，advanced imaging modalities，and artificial intelligence，to dissect pivotal pathological nodes in early stone formation. Such interdisciplinary efforts are essential to overcome cognitive bottlenecks and ultimately achieve personalized，precision-based prevention strategies.
