Analysis of characteristics of non-seroconverted cases after rabies vaccination and observation on the effect of booster vaccination
10.3760/cma.j.cn112866-20241107-00161
- VernacularTitle:狂犬病疫苗接种后中和抗体未阳转人群特征分析及加强免疫效果观察
- Author:
Qisheng HOU
1
;
Rui YU
;
Qili HOU
;
Qingjun CHEN
;
Chuanlin WANG
;
Wenwu YIN
;
Xinjun LYU
;
Si LIU
Author Information
1. 北京大学第一医院急诊科，北京 100034
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Rabies;
Vaccine;
Neutralizing antibody;
Booster vaccination
- From:
Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology
2025;39(2):208-213
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To analyze the characteristics of non-seroconverted cases after rabies vaccination and observe the effect of booster vaccination.Methods:A retrospective collection of data was conducted from March 2022 to March 2023 across 409 rabies vaccination clinics in 27 provinces in China, focusing on cases with rabies virus neutralizing antibody (RVNA) levels less than 0.5 IU/ml after vaccination.Results:A total of 77 cases were identified in whom seroconversion was not observed within 30 days post-vaccination with the rabies vaccine. The gender distribution was 51.9% male and 48.1% female, with ages ranging from 2 to 83 years old. Delayed vaccination was observed in 11 cases (14.3%), and 63 cases (81.8%) received human rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG) injections. None of the cases had a confirmed immunosuppressive disease or taking immunosuppressive drugs, and the body mass index (BMI) distribution ranged from 14.37 to 34.74 kg/m 2. Seventy-six cases seroconverted after 1 to 3 doses of rabies vaccines as a booster vaccination. One case that did not seroconvert after the initial booster vaccination seroconverted after receiving additional 2 doses of vaccine. All patients were followed up for one year, with no cases of rabies reported. Conclusions:The characteristics of cases that failed to seroconvert after the full course of rabies vaccination lacked specificity, and booster vaccination could lead to seroconversion.
