A cohort study on the effect of vitamin D supplement on chronic musculoskeletal pain in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
10.3760/cma.j.cn141217-20250220-00045
- VernacularTitle:维生素D补充对强直性脊柱炎患者慢性肌肉骨骼疼痛影响的队列研究
- Author:
Yuanzhi PENG
1
;
Shuhan ZHAO
1
;
Xinyue YIN
1
;
Shuolong LI
1
;
Guoyong DING
1
Author Information
1. 山东第一医科大学公共卫生与健康管理学院流行病学教研室，济南 250117
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Spondylitis, ankylosing;
Musculoskeletal pain;
Vitamin D;
Cohort studies
- From:
Chinese Journal of Rheumatology
2025;29(11):936-945
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To explore the effect of vitamin D supplement on chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) through a cohort study and provide evidence for optimizing vitamin D supplement strategies in AS management.Methods:Based on the large-scale prospective cohort of the UK Biobank, a total of 1 497 middle-aged and older patients diagnosed with AS were included. Patients were categorized into three groups according to their baseline vitamin supplements usage: non-vitamin supplement group ( n=978), vitamin D supplement group ( n=65), and other vitamin supplements group ( n=454). The occurrence of CMP was obtained by baseline pain survey and follow-up data from 2019—2020 and 2022—2023. A generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to analyze the association between vitamin D supplement and CMP occurrence, with odds ratio ( OR) and its 95% confidence intervals ( CI) calculated. To verify robustness of the study findings, propensity score matching was employed to match participants in the vitamin D supplementation group with those in the non-vitamin supplement group and the other vitamin supplements group for sensitivity analysis. Results:After adjusting for confounding factors such as demographic characteristics, lifestyle, and co-morbidities, GLMM analysis did not find significant association between vitamin D supplement and the risk of CMP occurrence in AS patients [ OR(95% CI)=0.85(0.48, 1.48), P=0.555]. However, GLMM analysis indicated that male AS patients had a lower likelihood of developing CMP compared to female patients [ OR(95% CI)=0.69(0.56, 0.86), P<0.001]. Additionally, current smoking [ OR(95% CI)=1.46(1.06, 2.03), P=0.022] and poorer overall health status-categorized as general [ OR(95% CI)=2.32(1.85, 2.90)] or poor [ OR(95% CI)=2.31(1.68, 3.18), P<0.001] were associated with an increased risk of CMP occurrence. In the sensitivity analysis, no significant association was observed between vitamin D supplement and CMP. Conclusion:Vitamin D supplement does not reduce the risk of CMP occurrence in middle-aged and old AS patients. However, female, smoking, and poor overall health status are identified as risk factors for CMP in AS patients. Future research should focus on large-scale real-world studies, particularly in younger AS populations, to further investigate the relationship between vitamin D supplement and CMP, thereby providing more targeted intervention strategies.
