Impact of socioeconomic status on disability among middle-aged and olderly individuals in China
10.3760/cma.j.cn115624-20241205-00996
- VernacularTitle:社会经济地位对我国中老年人群失能的影响
- Author:
Xue YANG
1
;
Mingzhao HUANG
1
;
Ting CHEN
1
;
Shuang RONG
1
Author Information
1. 武汉科技大学公共卫生学院 湖北省高等学校人文社会科学重点研究基地健康湖北建设与社会发展研究中心，武汉 430065
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Disability;
Middle-aged and elderly population;
Socioeconomic status index;
Health management;
Health promotion
- From:
Chinese Journal of Health Management
2025;19(3):200-206
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To explore the impact of socioeconomic status on disability among middle-aged and elderly individuals in China.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study. At the baseline year of 2011, 14 213 individuals aged 45 years and above from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were consecutively selected, and their repeated measurement data with complete information from the 4 rounds of follow-up from 2013 to 2020 were consecutively selected, with a total of 67 355 cases included in the analysis. The principal component analysis was used to construct a socioeconomic status index (SESI) and the generalized estimating equation was employed to analyze the association between the SESI and disability in the participants. And the impact of SESI on disability in different age subgroups was further analyzed.Results:Among the 14 213 participants included in the 2011 baseline sample for analysis, there were 6 833 males and 7 380 females, 7 953 aged 45-60 years, 5 156 aged 61-75 years, and 1 104 aged over 75 years. Additionally, there were 3 812 with high SESI, 4 526 with medium SESI, and 5 875 with low SESI. The incidences of disability were greater in the individuals aged>75 years, females, and those with a low SESI (all P<0.05). The risk of incidence of disability in the middle-aged and elderly population increased with decrease of SESI (medium SESI: OR=1.47, 95% CI: 1.39-1.55; low SESI: OR=1.79, 95% CI: 1.69-1.89) (all P<0.001). The difference in the risk of disability in the middle-aged and elderly individuals across the different SESI was greatest at 45-60 years ( OR=2.08, 95% CI: 1.91-2.26), which gradually decreased with increasing age and was smallest at>75 years (OR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.09-1.61) (all P<0.001). Conclusions:The lower the socioeconomic status of China′s middle-aged and elderly individuals, the higher the incidence of disability; the impact of socioeconomic status on risk of disability is more pronounced in the early years of middle and old age and gradually decreases with age.
