Etiological and immune characteristics of sepsis: from molecular mechanisms to clinical treatment
10.3760/cma.j.cn112309-20241231-00452
- VernacularTitle:脓毒症的病原及免疫特征：从分子机制到临床治疗的研究进展
- Author:
Shimeng TAO
1
;
Qian LU
1
;
Ju CAO
1
Author Information
1. 重庆医科大学附属第一医院检验科，重庆 400042
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Sepsis;
Immunosuppression;
Immunotherapy
- From:
Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology
2025;45(3):205-213
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Sepsis was redefined in 2016 by the updated Sepsis 3.0 criteria as a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated immune response to infection. This revision introduced the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score as one of the key diagnostic criteria, making the diagnosis of sepsis more precise and clinically applicable. Despite significant advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis, its high incidence, mortality rate, and healthcare costs remain major global public health challenges. The core pathogenesis of sepsis involves severe dysregulation of the host immune response, which further leads to tissue damage and multiple organ dysfunction. Therefore, in-depth research into the immune response mechanisms of sepsis is crucial for optimizing clinical treatment strategies. This article systematically summarizes the characteristics of pathogenic microorganisms in sepsis, its pathogenesis, immune features at various stages, and the challenges faced in clinical treatment. It also explores the potential value of precision medicine in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of sepsis, aiming to provide references for addressing key issues in multidrug resistance and immune mechanism research in sepsis.
