Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Kala-azar in Kashgar Region from 2013 to 2023
10.13471/j.cnki.j.sun.yat-sen.univ(med.sci).2025.0418
- VernacularTitle:2013-2023年喀什地区黑热病流行病学及临床特征
- Author:
Jiaoling LI
1
;
MOMING ZULIPIYA
;
TUERXUN MAIMAITIAILI
;
Jie GAO
;
Chengyuan LIU
;
Yutian CHONG
;
Jianyun ZHU
Author Information
1. 中山大学附属第三医院感染科,广东 广州 510630
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
kala-azar;
visceral leishmaniasis;
zoonotic parasitic disease;
leishmania donovani;
clinical characteristics;
epidemiology
- From:
Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences)
2025;46(4):708-713
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
[Objective]To explore the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of kala-azar patients in Kashgar region,so as to improve the diagnosis and treatment.[Methods]A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 71 kala-azar patients admitted to the First People's Hospital of Kashgar Region between January 2013 and December 2023.[Results]Among the 71 patients,the majority were aged 0-5 years(52.11%,37/71),with a male-to-female ratio of 0.92:1.Most cases occurred in winter and spring.Common clinical manifestations included fever,fatigue,decreased appetite,splenomegaly and hepatomegaly.Laboratory investigations mainly found pancytopenia,reversed albumin-to-globulin ratio,elevated transaminases,and increased C-reactive protein and procalcitonin.The positive rates of anti-rK39 antibody detection and bone marrow microscopy were 100%(23/23)and 91.38%(53/58),respectively.Metagenomics next-generation sequencing(mNGS)of liver tissue identified Leishmania donovani in one case.The common complications were infectious toxic hepatitis 49.30%(35/71),myocarditis 29.56%(21/71),and bronchopneumonia 23.94%(17/71).[Conclusions]Potential kala-azar should be taken into consideration for patients from the endemic areas with long-term irregular fever accompanied by splenomegaly,hemocytopenia,and reversed albumin-to-globulin ratio.Bone marrow smear microscopy and anti-rK39 antibody detection are recommended for the diagnosis,and mNGS provides a novel diagnostic solution.
