Analysis on distribution and drug resistance of pathogens isolated from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome inpatients in Beijing from 2015 to 2020
10.3760/cma.j.cn114015-20210518-00586
- VernacularTitle:2015至2020年北京地区住院艾滋病患者临床分离菌的菌种分布及其耐药性分析
- Author:
Xiaoyan MA
1
;
Xinmin XU
1
;
Ruihong LI
1
;
Min LI
1
;
Yan ZHANG
1
;
Huizhu WANG
1
Author Information
1. 首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院检验科，北京 100015
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
HIV;
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome;
Bacterial infections;
Drug resistance, bacterial
- From:
Adverse Drug Reactions Journal
2021;23(12):617-623
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To understand the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens isolated from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) inpatients in Beijing area in recent years.Methods:The data on strain identification and antimicrobial susceptibility tests of clinical isolates of pathogens from AIDS inpatients in Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University between January 2015 and December 2020 were collected and analyzed descriptively and retrospectively.Results:A total of 728 strains of pathogens were included in the analysis, mainly isolated from blood samples (292 strains, 40.1%), bronchial lavage fluid samples (116 strains, 15.9%), sputum samples (114 strains, 15.7%), urine samples (83 strains, 11.4%), bone marrow samples (26 strains, 3.6%), cerebrospinal fluid samples (24 strains, 3.3%), and pleural effusion samples (24 strains, 3.3%). Among the 728 pathogenic strains, 235 (32.3%) were Gram-negative bacilli, mainly including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Acinetobacter baumannii; 162 (22.3%) were Gram-positive cocci (22.3%), mainly including coagulase negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus; 139 (19.1%) were mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacteria; 108(14.8%) were fungi, mainly including Cryptococcus neoformans and Talaromyces marneffei; 84 (11.5%) were other pathogenic strains. According to the calculation of single strain, the top 5 pathogens were Mycobacterium tuberculosis, coagulase negative staphylococcus, nontuberculous mycobacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli suceesively. In comparison with the distribution of pathogens isolated from AIDS patients in the same hospital in 2009-2014, the proportion of Gram-negative bacilli decreased (40.73% from 2009 to 2014), and the proportions of Gram-positive cocci, fungi, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis were similar (19.15%, 14.02%, and 9.27% respectively in 2009-2014), and the proportion of non tuberculosis mycobacteria increased significantly (it was not calculated separately and classified into 'others’ because of the relatively low proportion, and the proportion of others was 6.34% in 2009-2014) successively. Gram-negative bacilli were mostly isolated from respiratory samples (47.2%, 111/235), followed by urine samples (20.4%, 48/235); Gram-positive cocci were mostly isolated from blood samples (45.7%, 74/162), followed by bone marrow samples (13.0%, 21/162); mycobacteria were mainly isolated from blood samples (72.7%, 101/139), followed by respiratory samples (26.6%, 37/139); fungi were mainly isolated from blood samples (44.4%, 48/108), followed by respiratory samples (19.5%, 21/108) and cerebrospinal fluid samples (17.6%, 19/108). The results of antimicrobial susceptibility tests showed that the resistance rate of Gram-positive cocci decreased and the rate of the Gram-negative bacilli increased obviously in 2015-2020, compared to those in 2009-2014 in clinical isolates from AIDS patients in the same hospital respectively. Conclusion:In recent years, the proportion of Gram-negative bacilli decreases, the proportion of nontuberculous mycobacteria increases significantly, and the drug resistance rate of most Gram-negative bacilli increases significantly in clinical isolates from AIDS inpatients in Beijing.
