Development of the Social Isolation Scale for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its reliability and validity test
10.3760/cma.j.cn211501-20250208-00289
- VernacularTitle:2型糖尿病患者社会隔离量表的编制及信效度检验
- Author:
Xiaoyan BAI
1
;
Daxing WU
;
Chao SUN
;
Keke LIN
;
Quanying WU
;
Jingwen BO
;
Yiwen WEI
;
Yu LIU
Author Information
1. 北京中医药大学护理学院，北京 100029
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus, type 2;
Social isolation;
Scale preparation;
Reliability;
Validity
- From:
Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing
2025;41(20):1538-1544
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:The Social Isolation Scale for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was developed and tested for reliability and validity, which provided an effective tool for measuring the social isolation level of patients with T2DM.Methods:The initial scale was developed through literature review, qualitative interviews, and expert consultation. Convenience sampling method was used to select T2DM patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for questionnaire survey. The item analysis method was used to select the items of the scale. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to evaluate construct validity. The content validity of the scale was evaluated by the scale-level content validity index and the item-level content validity index. The criterion validity was verified by using the Lubben Social Network Scale-6 and the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. Reliability was tested through internal consistency and test-retest reliability.Results:Through literature review and qualitative interviews, 30 items of the scale were selected to form the first version scale. After two rounds of inquiries from 16 experts (expert authority coefficient = 0.897), the second version of the scale was formed. A total of 407 questionnaires were distributed in two stages using the second version scale. Among the 407 patients, there were 214 males and 193 females. Exploratory factor analysis extracted 4 common factors, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 61.338%. The final scale was determined to include 4 dimensions and 16 items, with the dimensions being "social support network", "frequency of social participation", "satisfaction with interpersonal relationships", and "diabetes-related sense of isolation".The average content validity index at the scale level was 0.929, the content validity index at the item level was 0.830 - 1.000, and the criterion validity was - 0.647 and 0.681. The Cronbach′s α coefficient of the total scale was 0.822, and the test-retest reliability was 0.858.Conclusions:The Social Isolation Scale for people with T2DM has good reliability and validity. It is a reliable and valid tool for assessing social isolation in T2DM patients.
